| IPC 7 English version |
| Class F27 |
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| SECTION F – MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING |
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| F 27 | FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS (specially adapted for a purpose covered by a single other class and specifically mentioned in that class, see the class in question, e.g. bakery ovens A21B, glass melting furnaces C03B, coke or gas-making apparatus C10B, C10J, apparatus for cracking hydrocarbons C10G, blast furnaces C21B, converters for making steel C21C, furnaces for heat treatment of metal C21D; furnaces for electroslag or arc remelting of metals C22B 9/00; enamelling ovens C23D; combustion apparatus F23; electric heating H05B) [4] |
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| Notes |
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| (1) | This class covers: |
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| – | furnaces, kilns, ovens, retorts, open sintering apparatus and other similar apparatus for heat treatment of materials or articles, and details or accessories therefor, in general; |
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| – | the arrangement of electrical heating elements in or on furnaces. |
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| (2) | This class does not cover: |
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| – | combustion apparatus per se, i.e. apparatus for direct combination of oxygen gas and a burnable substance; [7] |
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| – | electrical heating elements per se; |
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| – | processes carried on within the furnaces. |
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| (3) | In this class, the following term is used with the meaning indicated: |
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| – | "furnaces" covers kilns, ovens, or retorts. |
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| F 27 B | FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS |
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| F 27 D | DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE (combustion apparatus F23) |
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