|
|
| SECTION C CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY |
| C 12 | BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING |
| Notes |
| (1) | In subclasses C12M to C12Q or C12S, and within each of these subclasses, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, classification is made in the last appropriate place. [3] |
| (2) | In this class, viruses, undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, protozoa, tissues and unicellular algae are considered as micro-organisms. [3,5] |
| (3) | In this subclass, unless specifically provided for, undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, protozoa, tissues and unicellular algae are classified together with micro-organisms. Sub-cellular parts, unless specifically provided for, are classified with the whole cell. [5] |
| (4) | The codes of subclass C12R are only for use as indexing codes associated with subclasses C12C to C12Q or C12S, so as to provide information concerning the micro-organisms used in the processes classified in these subclasses. [3] |
| C 12 C | BREWING OF BEER (cleaning of raw materials A23N; pitching or depitching machines, cellar tools C12L; propagating yeasts C12N 1/14; non-beverage ethanolic fermentation C12P 7/06) |
| C 12 F | RECOVERY OF BY-PRODUCTS OF FERMENTED SOLUTIONS; DENATURING OF, OR DENATURED, ALCOHOL [6] |
| C 12 G | WINE; OTHER ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION THEREOF (beer C12C) |
| C 12 H | PASTEURISATION, STERILISATION, PRESERVATION, PURIFICATION, CLARIFICATION, AGEING OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES OR REMOVAL OF ALCOHOL THEREFROM (deacidifying wine C12G 1/10; preventing winestone precipitation C12G 1/12; simulation ageing by flavouring C12G 3/06) [6] |
| C 12 J | VINEGAR; ITS PREPARATION |
| C 12 L | PITCHING OR DEPITCHING MACHINES; CELLAR TOOLS (cleaning of casks B08B 9/00) |
| C 12 M | APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY (installations for fermenting manure A01C 3/02; preservation of living parts of humans or animals A01N 1/02; physical or chemical apparatus in general B01; brewing apparatus C12C; fermentation apparatus for wine C12G; apparatus for preparing vinegar C12J 1/10) [3] |
| C 12 N | MICRO-ORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF (biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing micro-organisms, viruses, microbial fungi, enzymes, fermentates, or substances produced by, or extracted from, micro-organisms or animal material A01N 63/00; food compositions A21, A23; medicinal preparations A61K; chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings, absorbent pads or surgical articles A61L; fertilisers C05); PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICRO-ORGANISMS (preservation of living parts of humans or animals A01N 1/02); MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA (microbiological testing media C12Q) [3] |
| C 12 P | FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE (fermentation processes to form a food composition A21, A23; compounds in general, see the relevant compound class, e.g. C01, C07; brewing of beer C12C; producing vinegar C12J; processes for producing enzymes C12N 9/00; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification C12N 15/00) [3] |
| C 12 Q | MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES OR MICRO-ORGANISMS (immunoassay G01N 33/53); COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES [3] |
| C 12 R | INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C TO C12Q OR C12S, RELATING TO MICRO-ORGANISMS [3] |
| C 12 S | PROCESSES USING ENZYMES OR MICRO-ORGANISMS TO LIBERATE, SEPARATE OR PURIFY A PRE-EXISTING COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION (biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage C02F 3/00, of sludge C02F 11/02; processes using enzymes or micro-organisms to separate optical isomers from a racemic mixture C12P 41/00); PROCESSES USING ENZYMES OR MICRO-ORGANISMS TO TREAT TEXTILES OR TO CLEAN SOLID SURFACES OF MATERIALS [5] |