| IPC 7 English version |
| B01D-B01D02448 |
B01D 25/00 - B01D 33/82  |
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| SECTION B – PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING |
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| B 01 | PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL (furnaces, kilns, ovens, retorts, in general F27) |
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| B 01 D | SEPARATION (separating solids from solids by wet methods B03B, B03D, by pneumatic jigs or tables B03B, by other dry methods B07; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields B03C; centrifuges, vortex apparatus B04; presses per se for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material B30B 9/02; treatment of water C02F, e.g. softening by ion-exchange C02F 1/42; arrangement or mounting of filters in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation F24F 13/28) [5] |
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| Notes |
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| (1) | This subclass covers: |
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| – | evaporation, distillation, crystallisation, filtration, dust precipitation, gas cleaning, absorption, adsorption; |
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| – | similar processes which are not concerned with, or limited to, separation (except in the case of absorption or adsorption). |
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| (2) | In this subclass, the terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated: |
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| – | "filtration" and analogous terms include straining solids from fluids; |
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| – | "filter medium" is a porous material or porous arrangement of material used to filter solids from fluids; |
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| – | "filtering element" is a section of filter medium in addition to parts to which the medium is demountably or permanently fixed, including other sections of medium, end caps, peripheral frames or edge strips, but excluding housings; |
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| – | "filter housing" is the fluid-constraining impervious vessel, whether open or closed, which contains, or is adapted to contain, one or more filtering elements or filter media; |
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| – | "filter chamber" is the space within a housing, where filtering elements or filter media are located. Partitions may divide a single housing into a plurality of chambers; |
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| – | "filtering apparatus" consists of filtering elements combined with housings, cleaning arrangements, motor or the like parts, which are characteristic of the particular type of apparatus. Ancillary devices such as pumps or valves are considered part of a filtering apparatus when inside the apparatus. Ancillary devices performing similar or different unit operation such as comminutors, mixers or non-filtering separators, whether or not inside the apparatus, are not considered part of a filtering apparatus. The term does not extend to apparatus, e.g. washing machines, of which the filter forms only a part. |
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| (3) | For apparatus used in drying or evaporation, class F26 takes precedence over this subclass. |
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| (4) | Group B01D 59/00 takes precedence over the other groups of this subclass and over other subclasses. |
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| Subclass Index |
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| EVAPORATION; DISTILLATION; SUBLIMATION |
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| COLD TRAPS, COLD BAFFLES |
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| CRYSTALLISATION |
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| SOLVENT EXTRACTION |
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| TREATING LIQUIDS: DISPLACEMENT, ADSORPTION, SEPARATION, DEGASIFICATION |
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| TREATING GASES OR VAPOURS: SEPARATION, RECOVERING, CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL PURIFICATION OF WASTE GASES |
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| SEPARATION OF SUSPENDED PARTICLES FROM LIQUIDS |
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| By sedimentation |
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| By filtration |
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| processes |
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| gravity filters; filters formed from filtering elements, pressure or suction filters |
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| cartridge filters |
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| filters with mobile filtering elements |
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| filtering devices |
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| filter circuits or combinations |
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| By other processes |
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| SEPARATION OF DISPERSED PARTICLES FROM GASES OR VAPOURS |
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| Pretreatment of the gas or vapour |
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| By gravity, inertia, centrifugal force; by filtration; by a combination of devices |
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| By other methods |
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| FILTERING MATERIALS |
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| SEPARATION OF ISOTOPES |
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| ABSORPTION, ADSORPTION; OTHER SEPARATING METHODS |
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| SEPARATION USING SEMI-PERMEABLE MEMBRANES; DIALYSIS, OSMOSIS, ULTRAFILTRATION |
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1/ | 00 | Evaporating (removal of incrustation B08B; preparation of starch C08B 30/00; sugar industry C13; prevention of incrustation C23F; drying solid materials or objects by evaporating liquids therefrom F26) |
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1/ | 02 | . | Evaporators with heating coils |
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1/ | 04 | . | Evaporators with horizontal tubes |
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1/ | 06 | . | Evaporators with vertical tubes |
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1/ | 08 | . | . | with short tubes (B01D 1/12 takes precedence) |
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1/ | 10 | . | . | with long tubes, e.g. Kestner evaporators (B01D 1/12 takes precedence) |
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1/ | 12 | . | . | and forced circulation |
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1/ | 14 | . | with heated gases or vapours in contact with the liquid |
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1/ | 16 | . | by spraying (B01D 1/22 takes precedence) |
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1/ | 18 | . | . | to obtain dry solids (B01D 1/24 takes precedence) |
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1/ | 20 | . | . | Sprayers (in general B05B) |
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1/ | 22 | . | by bringing a thin layer of the liquid into contact with a heated surface |
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1/ | 24 | . | . | to obtain dry solids |
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1/ | 26 | . | Multiple-effect evaporating |
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1/ | 28 | . | with vapour compression |
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1/ | 30 | . | Accessories for evaporators |
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3/ | 00 | Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping (gas chromatography B01D 15/08; destructive distillation C10B; preparation of alcoholic beverages by distillation C12G 3/12) [2] |
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3/ | 02 | . | in boilers or stills [2] |
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3/ | 04 | . | pipe stills |
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3/ | 06 | . | Flash distillation [2] |
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3/ | 08 | . | in rotating vessels; Atomisation on rotating discs (B01D 3/10 takes precedence) |
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3/ | 10 | . | Vacuum distillation (B01D 3/12 takes precedence) [2] |
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3/ | 12 | . | Molecular distillation [2] |
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3/ | 14 | . | Fractional distillation |
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3/ | 16 | . | . | Fractionating columns in which vapour bubbles through liquid (packing elements B01J 19/30, B01J 19/32) |
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3/ | 18 | . | . | . | with horizontal bubble plates |
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3/ | 20 | . | . | . | . | Bubble caps; Risers for vapour; Discharge pipes for liquid |
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3/ | 22 | . | . | . | with horizontal sieve plates or grids; Construction of sieve plates or grids |
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3/ | 24 | . | . | . | with sloping plates or elements mounted stepwise |
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3/ | 26 | . | . | Fractionating columns in which vapour and liquid flow pass each other, or in which the fluid is sprayed into the vapour, or in which a two-phase mixture is passed in one direction |
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3/ | 28 | . | . | . | Fractionating columns with surface contact and vertical guides, e.g. film action |
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3/ | 30 | . | . | Fractionating columns with movable parts or in which centrifugal movement is caused |
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3/ | 32 | . | . | Other features of fractionating columns |
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3/ | 34 | . | with one or more auxiliary substances |
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3/ | 36 | . | . | Azeotropic distillation |
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3/ | 38 | . | . | Steam distillation |
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3/ | 40 | . | . | Extractive distillation |
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3/ | 42 | . | Regulation; Control |
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5/ | 00 | Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation (B01D 8/00 takes precedence; condensers F28B) [3] |
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7/ | 00 | Sublimation (B01D 8/00 takes precedence; freeze-drying F26) |
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7/ | 02 | . | Crystallisation directly from the vapour phase (into single crystals C30B 23/00) [2] |
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8/ | 00 | Cold traps; Cold baffles (pumps for evacuating by condensing or freezing F04B 37/08) [3] |
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9/ | 00 | Crystallisation (crystallisation directly from the vapour phase B01D 7/02; making single crystals C30B) |
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9/ | 02 | . | from solutions |
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9/ | 04 | . | . | concentrating solutions by removing frozen solvent therefrom |
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11/ | 00 | Solvent extraction |
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11/ | 02 | . | of solids |
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11/ | 04 | . | of solutions which are liquid |
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12/ | 00 | Displacing liquid, e.g. from wet solids or from dispersions of liquids or from solids in liquids, by means of another liquid |
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15/ | 00 | Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with adsorbents (ion exchange processes in general B01J; for investigating materials G01N 30/00) [4] |
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15/ | 02 | . | with moving adsorbents |
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15/ | 04 | . | with ion-exchange materials as adsorbents |
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15/ | 08 | . | Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography |
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17/ | 00 | Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion (devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material from water, waste water, or sewage C02F 1/40; cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like materials E02B 15/04; arrangements for separating lubricants from refrigerants F25B 43/02) |
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17/ | 02 | . | Separation of non-miscible liquids |
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17/ | 022 | . | . | by contact with a preferentially wettable solid [4] |
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17/ | 025 | . | . | by gravity, in a settling tank [4] |
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17/ | 028 | . | . | . | provided with a set of baffles [4] |
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17/ | 032 | . | . | . | provided with special equipment for removing at least one of the separated liquids [4] |
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17/ | 035 | . | . | by using gas-bubbles or moving solids introduced into the mixture [4] |
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17/ | 038 | . | . | by centrifugal force (centrifuges B04B; cyclones B04C) [4] |
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17/ | 04 | . | . | Breaking emulsions |
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17/ | 05 | . | . | . | by chemical treatment [4] |
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17/ | 06 | . | Separation of liquids from each other by electricity |
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17/ | 09 | . | by thermal diffusion [4] |
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17/ | 12 | . | Auxiliary equipment particularly adapted for use with liquid-separating apparatus, e.g. control circuits [4] |
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19/ | 00 | Degasification of liquids |
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19/ | 02 | . | Foam dispersion or prevention (during boiling B01B 1/02; during fermentation C12) |
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19/ | 04 | . | . | by addition of chemical substances |
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21/ | 00 | Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation (differential sedimentation B03D 3/00; devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material from water, waste water, or sewage C02F 1/40) |
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21/ | 01 | . | using flocculating agents (for purifying water C02F 1/52; for liquid radioactive waste G21F 9/10) [2] |
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21/ | 02 | . | Settling tanks [4] |
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21/ | 04 | . | . | with moving scrapers |
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21/ | 06 | . | . | . | with rotating scrapers |
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21/ | 08 | . | . | provided with flocculating compartments |
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21/ | 18 | . | Construction of the scrapers or the driving mechanisms for settling tanks |
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21/ | 20 | . | . | Driving mechanisms |
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21/ | 22 | . | . | Safety mechanisms |
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21/ | 24 | . | Feed or discharge mechanisms for settling tanks |
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21/ | 26 | . | Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force (centrifuges B04B; cyclones B04C) |
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21/ | 28 | . | Mechanical auxiliary equipment for acceleration of sedimentation, e.g. by vibrators or the like [4] |
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21/ | 30 | . | Control equipment [4] |
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21/ | 32 | . | . | Density control of clear liquid or sediment, e.g. optical control [4] |
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21/ | 34 | . | . | Regulation of feed distribution; Regulation of liquid level [4] |
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| Filtration; Filtering material, regeneration thereof (blood or infusion liquid filters A61M 5/165; screens or sieves per se B07B 1/00; extrusion filters B29C 47/68; filtering spinning solution or melt D01D 1/10; filtration of lubricants F16N 39/06) [2] |
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24/ | 00 | Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof (B01D 27/02 takes precedence) [5] |
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| Note |
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| In this group, it is desirable to add the indexing codes of group B01D 101:00. The indexing codes should be unlinked. [5] |
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24/ | 02 | . | with the filter bed stationary during the filtration [5] |
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24/ | 04 | . | . | the filtering material being clamped between pervious fixed walls (B01D 24/10, B01D 24/20 take precedence) [5] |
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24/ | 06 | . | . | . | the pervious walls comprising a series of louvres or slots [5] |
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24/ | 08 | . | . | . | the filtering material being supported by at least two pervious coaxial walls [5] |
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24/ | 10 | . | . | the filtering material being held in a closed container [5] |
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24/ | 12 | . | . | . | Downward filtration, the filtering material being supported by pervious surfaces (B01D 24/18 takes precedence) [5] |
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24/ | 14 | . | . | . | Downward filtration, the container having distribution or collection headers or pervious conduits (B01D 24/18 takes precedence) [5] |
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24/ | 16 | . | . | . | Upward filtration (B01D 24/18 takes precedence) [5] |
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24/ | 18 | . | . | . | Combined upward and downward filtration [5] |
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24/ | 20 | . | . | the filtering material being provided in an open container [5] |
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24/ | 22 | . | . | . | Downward filtration, the filter material being supported by pervious surfaces [5] |
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24/ | 24 | . | . | . | Downward filtration, the container having distribution or collection headers or pervious conduits [5] |
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24/ | 26 | . | . | . | Upward filtration [5] |
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24/ | 28 | . | with the filter bed moving during the filtration (with the filter bed fluidised B01D 24/36) [5] |
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24/ | 30 | . | . | Translation [5] |
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24/ | 32 | . | . | Rotation [5] |
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24/ | 34 | . | with the filtering material and its pervious support moving (tipping buckets, trays or like sections B01D 33/327) [5] |
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24/ | 36 | . | with the filter bed fluidised during the filtration (with the filter bed being stationary B01D 24/02) [5] |
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24/ | 38 | . | Feed or discharge devices [5] |
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24/ | 40 | . | . | for feeding [5] |
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24/ | 42 | . | . | for discharging filtrate [5] |
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24/ | 44 | . | . | for discharging filter cake, e.g. chutes [5] |
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24/ | 46 | . | Regenerating the filtering material in the filter (B01D 24/44 takes precedence) [5] |
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24/ | 48 | . | integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration [5] |
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 | B01D 25/00 - B01D 33/82 |
