IPC 6 English version G05B !A-G05B 24/04

G05-G05B02404

SECTION G– PHYSICS

G 05

CONTROLLING; REGULATING (specially adapted to a particular field of use, see the relevant place for that field, e.g. A 62 C 37/00, B 03 B 13/00, B 23 Q)

G 05 B

CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS (fluid-pressure actuators or systems acting by means of fluids in general F 15 B; valves per se F 16 K; characterised by mechanical features only G 05 G; sensitive elements, see the appropriate subclasses, e.g. G 12 B, subclasses of G 01, H 01; correcting units, see the appropriate subclasses, e.g. H 02 K)

Notes

(1)

This subclass covers features of control systems or elements for regulating specific variables, which are clearly more generally applicable.

(2)

This subclass does not cover applications of such systems or elements, which are covered by subclass G 05 D or G 05 F.

(3)

In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:

–

"automatic controller" means a system, circuit, or device in which a signal from the detecting element is compared with a signal representing the desired value and which operates in such a way as to reduce the deviation. The automatic controller generally does not include the sensitive element, i.e. that element which measures the value of the condition to be corrected, or the correcting element, i.e. that element which adjusts the condition to be corrected;

–

"electric" includes "electromechanical", "electrohydraulic" or "electropneumatic".

(4)

In this subclass, details of specific control systems are classified in the group relevant to the system, if not otherwise provided for.

Comparing elements, i.e. elements for effecting comparison directly or indirectly between a desired value and existing or anticipated values (comparing phase or frequency of two electric signals H 03 D 13/00)

electric [2]

for comparing analogue signals [2]

for comparing digital signals [2]

with sensing of the position of the pointer of a measuring instrument

continuous sensing

stepwise sensing

fluidic [2]

Anti-hunting arrangements

electric

fluidic [2]

Internal feedback arrangements for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential (in automatic controllers G 05 B 11/00)

electric

fluidic [2]

Arrangements for obtaining smooth engagement or disengagement of automatic control

electric [2]

fluidic [2]

Safety arrangements (G 05 B 7/00 takes precedence; safety arrangements in programme-control systems G 05 B 19/048, G 05 B 19/406; safety valves F 16 K 17/00; emergency protective circuit arrangements in general H 02 H)

electric

with multiple-channel loop, i.e. redundant control systems [2]

fluidic [2]

11/

Automatic controllers (G 05 B 13/00 takes precedence)

11/

electric

11/

in which the output signal represents a continuous function of the deviation from the desired value, i.e. continuous controllers (G 05 B 11/26 takes precedence)

11/

the signal transmitted being dc

11/

the signal transmitted being modulated on an ac carrier

11/

in which the output signal represents a discontinuous function of the deviation from the desired value, i.e. discontinuous controllers (G 05 B 11/26 takes precedence)

11/

Two-step controllers, e.g. with on/off action

11/

Multi-step controllers

11/

in which the output signal is a pulse-train

11/

using pulse-height modulation; using pulse-width modulation

11/

using pulse-frequency modulation

11/

with inputs from more than one sensing element; with outputs to more than one correcting element

11/

with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential

11/

for obtaining a proportional characteristic

11/

for obtaining an integral characteristic

11/

for obtaining a characteristic which is both proportional and time-dependent, e.g. P. I., P. I. D.

11/

pneumatic only

11/

without auxiliary power

11/

with auxiliary power

11/

in which the output signal represents a continuous function of the deviation from the desired value, i.e. continuous controllers

11/

in which the output signal represents a discontinuous function of the deviation from the desired value, i.e. discontinuous controllers

11/

Two-step controllers, e.g. with on/off action

11/

Multi-step controllers

11/

with inputs from more than one sensing element; with outputs to more than one correcting element

11/

hydraulic only

13/

Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion (G 05 B 19/00 takes precedence; details of the computer G 06 F 15/18) [3]

13/

electric

13/

involving the use of models or simulators [3]

15/

Systems controlled by a computer (G 05 B 13/00, G 05 B 19/00 take precedence; automatic controllers with particular characteristics G 05 B 11/00; computers per se G 06) [3]

15/

electric

17/

Systems involving the use of models or simulators of said systems (G 05 B 13/00, G 05 B 15/00, G 05 B 19/00 take precedence; analogue computers for specific processes, systems or devices, e.g. simulators, G 06 G 7/48) [3]

17/

electric

19/

Programme-control systems (specific applications, see the relevant places, e.g. A 47 L 15/46; clocks with attached or built-in means operating any device at a preselected time interval G 04 C 23/00; marking or sensing record carriers with digital information G 06 K; information storage G 11; time or time-programme switches which automatically terminate their operation after the programme is completed H 01 H 43/00)

19/

electric

19/

Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers (G 05 B 19/418 takes precedence; numerical control G 05 B 19/18)

19/

042

using digital processors (G 05 B 19/05 takes precedence) [6]

19/

045

using logic state machines, consisting only of a memory or a programmable logic device containing the logic for the controlled machine and in which the state of its outputs is dependent on the state of its inputs or part of its own output states, e.g. binary decision controllers, finite state controllers [6]

19/

048

Monitoring; Safety [6]

19/

Programmable logic controllers, e.g. simulating logic interconnections of signals according to ladder diagrams or function charts [5]

19/

using cams, discs, rods, drums, or the like (mechanical programme-control apparatus G 05 G 21/00)

19/

where the programme is defined in the fixed connection of electrical elements, e.g. potentiometers, counters, transistors [6]

19/

using plugboards, cross-bar distributors, matrix switches, or the like

19/

using selector switches

19/

using record carriers

19/

using punched cards or tapes

19/

using magnetic record carriers

19/

Numerical control (NC), i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form (G 05 B 19/418 takes precedence) [6]

19/

characterised by positioning or contouring control systems, e.g. to control position from one programmed point to another or to control movement along a programmed continuous path [3,6]

Note

In this group, the measuring system for an axis is used to measure the displacement along that axis. This measurement is used as position-feedback in the servo-control system. [6]

19/

using an incremental digital measuring device [3]

19/

for point-to-point control [3]

19/

for continuous-path control [3]

19/

using an absolute digital measuring device [3]

19/

for point-to-point control [3]

19/

for continuous-path control [3]

19/

using an analogue measuring device [3]

19/

for point-to-point control [3]

19/

for continuous-path control [3]

19/

using a combination of the means covered by at least two of the preceding groups G 05 B 19/21, G 05 B 19/27 and G 05 B 19/33 [3]

19/

Open loop systems, e.g. using stepping motor [3]

19/

401

characterised by control arrangements for measuring, e.g. calibration and initialisation, measuring workpiece for machining purposes (G 05 B 19/19 takes precedence) [6]

19/

402

characterised by control arrangements for positioning, e.g. centring a tool relative to a hole in the workpiece, additional detection means to correct position (G 05 B 19/19 takes precedence) [6]

19/

403

(transferred to G 05 B 19/402, G 05 B 19/414, G 05 B 19/4155, covered by G 05 B 19/41)

19/

404

characterised by control arrangements for compensation, e.g. for backlash, overshoot, tool offset, tool wear, temperature, machine construction errors, load, inertia (G 05 B 19/19, G 05 B 19/41 take precedence) [6]

19/

405

(transferred to G 05 B 19/406, G 05 B 19/408, G 05 B 19/409)

19/

406

characterised by monitoring or safety (G 05 B 19/19 takes precedence) [6]

19/

4061

Avoiding collision or forbidden zones [6]

19/

4062

Monitoring servoloop, e.g. overload of servomotor, loss of feedback or reference [6]

19/

4063

Monitoring general control system (G 05 B 19/4062 takes precedence) [6]

19/

4065

Monitoring tool breakage, life or condition [6]

19/

4067

Restoring data or position after power failure or other interruption [6]

19/

4068

Verifying part programme on screen, by drawing or other means [6]

19/

4069

Simulating machining process on screen (G 05 B 19/4068 takes precedence) [6]

19/

407

(transferred to G 05 B 19/416)

19/

408

characterised by data handling or data format, e.g. reading, buffering or conversion of data [6]

19/

409

characterised by using manual data input (MDI) or by using control panel, e.g. controlling functions with the panel; characterised by control panel details, by setting parameters (G 05 B 19/408, G 05 B 19/4093 take precedence) [6]

19/

4093

characterised by part programming, e.g. entry of geometrical information as taken from a technical drawing, combining this with machining and material information to obtain control information, named part programme, for the NC machine [6]

19/

4097

characterised by using design data to control NC machines, e.g. CAD/CAM (G 05 B 19/4093 takes precedence; CAD in general G 06 F 17/50) [6]

19/

4099

Surface or curve machining, making 3D objects, e.g. desktop manufacturing [6]

19/

characterised by interpolation, e.g. the computation of intermediate points between programmed end points to define the path to be followed and the rate of travel along that path (G 05 B 19/25, G 05 B 19/31, G 05 B 19/37, G 05 B 19/39, G 05 B 19/40 take precedence) [3,6]

19/

4103

Digital interpolation [6]

19/

4105

Analog interpolation [6]

19/

413

(transferred to G 05 B 19/4105)

19/

414

Structure of the control system, e.g. common controller or multiprocessor systems, interface to servo, programmable interface controller [6]

19/

415

(transferred to G 05 B 19/4103)

19/

4155

characterised by programme execution, i.e. part programme or machine function execution, e.g. selection of a programme [6]

19/

416

characterised by control of velocity, acceleration or deceleration (G 05 B 19/19 takes precedence) [6]

19/

417

(transferred to G 05 B 19/418)

19/

418

Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control (DNC), flexible manufacturing systems (FMS), integrated manufacturing systems (IMS), computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) [6]

19/

Recording and playback systems, i.e. in which the programme is recorded from a cycle of operations, e.g. the cycle of operations being manually controlled, after which this record is played back on the same machine

19/

421

Teaching successive positions by mechanical means, e.g. by mechanically-coupled handwheels to position tool head or end effector (G 05 B 19/423 takes precedence) [6]

19/

423

Teaching successive positions by walk-through, i.e. the tool head or end effector being grasped and guided directly, with or without servo-assistance, to follow a path [6]

19/

425

Teaching successive positions by numerical control, i.e. commands being entered to control the positioning servo of the tool head or end effector [6]

19/

427

Teaching successive positions by tracking the position of a joystick or handle to control the positioning servo of the tool head, master-slave control (G 05 B 19/423 takes precedence) [6]

19/

fluidic [3]

19/

pneumatic [3]

19/

hydraulic [3]

21/

Systems involving sampling of the variable controlled (G 05 B 13/00 to G 05 B 19/00 take precedence; transmission systems for measured values G 08 C; electronic switching or gating H 03 K 17/00)

21/

electric

23/

Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof (monitoring of programme-control systems G 05 B 19/048, G 05 B 19/406)

23/

Electric testing or monitoring

24/

Open-loop automatic control systems not otherwise provided for [2]

24/

electric [2]

24/

fluidic [2]