IPC 6 English version G03B !A-G03B 9/70

G03-G03B00970

SECTION G– PHYSICS

G 03

PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY (reproduction of pictures or patterns by scanning and converting into electrical signals H 04 N) [4]

G 03 B

APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR (optical parts of such apparatus G 02 B; photosensitive materials or processes for photographic purposes G 03 C; apparatus for processing exposed photographic materials G 03 D) [4]

Note

This subclass covers, as far as processes are concerned, only processes characterised by the use or manipulation of apparatus classifiable per se in this subclass.

Details common to at least two of the following types of apparatus: cameras, projectors, printers (details common to cameras only G 03 B 7/00 to G 03 B 17/00, to projectors only G 03 B 21/00, G 03 B 23/00, to printers only G 03 B 27/00)

Film-strip handling

Moving film strip by pull on end thereof

Pull exerted by take-up spool

rotated by lever-operated ratchet and pawl

rotated by band, chain, rack, or other linear reciprocating operation

rotated by knob through gearing

rotated by motor, e.g. spring

Special arrangements to ensure constant length of movement of film

by film-arresting pins

Moving film strip by means which act on the film between the ends thereof

Acting means

Claws or pins engaging holes in the film

Sprockets engaging holes in the film

Spiked wheels or pins not penetrating the film

Shuttle feed

Belt feed

Friction grippers or rollers

Beaters

Pneumatic acting means

embodying Geneva motion, e.g. Maltese-cross gearing

embodying frictional coupling or clutches

Guiding, framing, or constraining film in desired position relative to lens system

Guides engaging edge of film (gates G 03 B 1/48)

Rollers engaging face of film, e.g. barrel, waisted, conical (gates G 03 B 1/48)

Gates or pressure devices, e.g. plate

adjustable or interchangeable, e.g. for different film widths

Pneumatic pressure devices

Tensioning or loop-maintaining devices

Threading; Loop forming

automatic

Measuring or indicating length of the used or unused film; Counting number of exposures (measuring length in general G 01 B)

involving locking or stop-motion devices

by means which ascertain the radius of the film coiled on a spool

Counting number of exposures (counting mechanisms per se G 06 M)

Focusing arrangements (focusing means, autofocus systems for cameras G 03 B 13/00; means for automatic focusing of projectors G 03 B 21/53; means for automatic focusing of projection-printing apparatus or copying cameras G 03 B 27/34, G 03 F)

moving lens along baseboard

adjusting position of image plane without moving lens

using movable reflectors to alter length of light-path

Power-operated focusing

adapted for remote control (control systems in general G 05)

Adjustment of optical system relative to image or object surface other than for focusing

Lateral adjustment of lens

Vertical adjustment of lens; Rising fronts

Swinging lens about normal to the optical axis

Swing backs

Details common to cameras

Control of exposure by setting shutters, diaphragms, or filters separately or conjointly (measuring intensity of light G 01 J; control systems in general G 05)

Control effected by setting a graduated member on the camera in accordance with indication or reading afforded by a light meter, which may be either separate from, or built into, camera body

Control effected by hand adjustment of a member that senses indication of a pointer of a built-in light-sensitive device, e.g. by restoring pointer to a fixed associated reference mark

by a follow-up movement of an associated reference mark to the pointer

Control effected solely by response to built-in light-sensitive device to the intensity of light received by the camera

081

Analogue circuits [3]

083

for control of exposure time [3]

085

for control of aperture [3]

087

for control of both exposure time and aperture [3]

089

for storage of exposure value in mirror reflex cameras [3]

091

Digital circuits [3]

093

for control of exposure time [3]

095

for control of aperture [3]

097

for control of both exposure time and aperture [3]

099

Arrangement of photoelectric elements in or on the camera [3]

a servo-motor providing energy to move the setting member

a hand-actuated member moved from one position to another providing the energy to move the setting member, e.g. depression of shutter release button causes a stepped feeler to co-operate with the pointer of the light-sensitive device to set the diaphragm and thereafter release the shutter

setting of both shutter and diaphragm aperture being effected so as to give the optimum compromise between depth of field and shortness of exposure

in accordance with both the intensity of the flash source and the distance of the flash source from object, e.g. in accordance with "guide number" of flash bulb and the focusing of the camera

in accordance with light-reducing "factor" of filter or other obturator used with or on the lens of the camera

in accordance with change of lens

in accordance with temperature or height, e.g. in aircraft

automatically in accordance with markings or other means indicating film speed or kind of film on the magazine to be inserted in the camera [3]

Power supplies; Circuitry or arrangement to switch on the power source; Circuitry to check the power source voltage [3]

Circuitry to measure or to take account of the object contrast [3]

Exposure-making shutters; Diaphragms

Diaphragms [2]

Single movable plate with two or more apertures of graded size, e.g. sliding plate, pivoting plate

Two or more co-operating pivoted blades e.g. iris type (shutters functioning as diaphragms by limiting extent of opening movement G 03 B 9/08)

with means for presetting the diaphragm

Shutters (electro-, magneto-, or acousto-optical shutters G 02 F 1/00) [2]

Blade or disc rotating or pivoting about axis normal to its plane

Two relatively-adjustable aperture-defining members moving as a unit

Two separate members moving in opposite directions

Two separate members moving in the same direction

More than two members

each moving in a single direction first to open and then to reclose

each moving in one direction to open and then in opposite direction to close, e.g. iris type

Adjusting size of aperture formed by members when fully open so as to constitute a virtual diaphragm that is adjustable

incorporating cover blade or blades

Roller blind or flexible plate

Single blind with multiple slots or other aperture

Double blind

with adjustable slot; with mechanism controlling relative movement of blinds to form slot

Sliding rigid plate

Single rigid plate with multiple slots or other apertures

Double plate

with adjustable slot; with mechanism controlling relative movement of plates to form slot

Curved track and plate

Flap shutters pivoting about axis in plane of flap

Double flap

Louvre type

Barrel shutters

Conical shutters; Rotating plate with axis of rotation inclined to optical axis of shutter

Means for varying duration of "open" period of shutter

by varying speed of movement of obturating members

by varying interval of time between end of opening movement and beginning of closing movement

Mechanism for delaying opening of shutter (separate from shutter G 03 B 17/38)

Means for cocking shutter separate from means for releasing shutter

Cocking effected by movement of film

with flash-synchronising contacts

G03B 11/00 - G03B 19/26