using surfactants, fatty acids or fatty acid esters, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group or a carboxyl ester group [3]
Preparation of compounds containing at least three condensed carbocyclic rings [3]
17
/
00
Preparation of heterocyclic carbon compounds with only O, N, S, Se, or Te as ring hetero atoms (C 12 P 13/04 to C 12 P 13/24 take precedence) [3]
17
/
02
•
Oxygen as only ring hetero atoms [3]
17
/
04
•
•
containing a five-membered hetero ring, e.g. griseofulvin [3]
17
/
06
•
•
containing a six-membered hetero ring, e.g. fluorescein [3]
17
/
08
•
•
containing a hetero ring of at least seven ring members, e.g. zearalenone, macrolide aglycons [3]
17
/
10
•
Nitrogen as only ring hetero atom [3]
17
/
12
•
•
containing a six-membered hetero ring [3]
17
/
14
•
Nitrogen or oxygen as hetero atom and at least one other diverse hetero ring atom in the same ring [3]
17
/
16
•
containing two or more hetero rings [3]
17
/
18
•
containing at least two hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system, e.g. rifamycin [3]
19
/
00
Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals (ketoaldonic acids C 12 P 7/58) [3]
Note
Attention is drawn to Note (3) following the title of subclass C 07 H, which defines the expression "saccharide radical". [3]
19
/
02
•
Monosaccharides (2-ketogulonic acid C 12 P 7/60) [3]
19
/
04
•
Polysaccharides, i.e. compounds containing more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic bonds [3]
19
/
06
•
•
Xanthan, i.e. Xanthomonas-type heteropolysaccharides [3]
19
/
08
•
•
Dextran [3]
19
/
10
•
•
Pullulan [3]
19
/
12
•
Disaccharides [3]
19
/
14
•
produced by the action of a carbohydrase, e.g. by alpha-amylase [3]
19
/
16
•
produced by the action of an alpha-1, 6-glucosidase, e.g. amylose, debranched amylopectin (non-biological hydrolysis of starch C 08 B 30/00) [3]
19
/
18
•
produced by the action of a glycosyl transferase, e.g. alpha-, beta- or gamma-cyclodextrins [3]
19
/
20
•
produced by the action of an exo-1, 4 alpha-glucosidase, e.g. dextrose [3]
19
/
22
•
produced by the action of a beta-amylase, e.g. maltose [3]
19
/
24
•
produced by the action of an isomerase, e.g. fructose [3]
19
/
26
•
Preparation of nitrogen-containing carbohydrates [3]
19
/
28
•
•
N-glycosides [3]
19
/
30
•
•
•
Nucleotides [3]
19
/
32
•
•
•
•
having a condensed ring system containing a six-membered ring having two nitrogen atoms in the same-ring, e.g. purine nucleotides, nicotineamide-adenine dinucleotide [3]
19
/
34
•
•
•
•
Polynucleotides, e.g. nucleic acids, oligoribonucleotides [3]
19
/
36
•
•
•
•
Dinucleotides, e.g. nicotineamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate [3]
19
/
38
•
•
•
Nucleosides [3]
19
/
40
•
•
•
•
having a condensed ring system containing a six-membered ring having two nitrogen atoms in the same ring, e.g. purine nucleosides [3]
19
/
42
•
•
•
Cobalamins, i.e. vitamin B12 , LLD factor [3]
19
/
44
•
Preparation of O-glycosides, e.g. glucosides [3]
19
/
46
•
•
having an oxygen atom of the saccharide radical bound to a cyclohexyl radical, e.g. kasugamycin [3]
19
/
48
•
•
•
the cyclohexyl radical being substituted by two or more nitrogen atoms, e.g. destomycin, neamin [3]
19
/
50
•
•
•
•
having two saccharide radicals bound through only oxygen to adjacent ring carbon atoms of the cyclohexyl radical, e.g. ambutyrosin, ribostamycin [3]
19
/
52
•
•
•
•
•
containing three or more saccharide radicals, e.g. neomycin, lividomycin [3]
19
/
54
•
•
•
the cyclohexyl radical being bound directly to a nitrogen atom of two or more radicals, e.g. streptomycin [3]
19
/
56
•
•
having an oxygen atom of the saccharide radical directly bound to a condensed ring system having three or more carbocyclic rings, e.g. daunomycin, adriamycin [3]
19
/
58
•
•
having an oxygen atom of the saccharide radical directly bound through only acyclic carbon atoms to a non-saccharide heterocyclic ring, e.g. bleomycin, phleomycin [3]
19
/
60
•
•
having an oxygen of the saccharide radical directly bound to a non-saccharide heterocyclic ring or a condensed ring system containing a non-saccharide heterocyclic ring, e.g. coumermycin, novobiocin [3]
19
/
62
•
•
•
the hetero ring having eight or more ring members and only oxygen as ring hetero atoms, e.g. erythromycin, spiramycin, nystatin [3]
radicals, e.g. streptomycin [3]