(0)C07K:0/5:

(0)C07K:0/5:

IPC6

SECTION C - CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

PEPTIDES

C07K

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C07K001/00 - C07K001/36

C 07 K

PEPTIDES (peptides in foodstuffs A 23, e.g. obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs A 23 J; preparations for medicinal purposes A 61 K; peptides containing [beta]-lactam rings C 07 D; cyclic dipeptides not having in their molecule any other peptide link than those which form their ring, e.g. piperazine-2,5-diones, C 07 D; ergot alkaloids of the cyclic peptide type C 07 D 519/02; macromolecular compounds having statistically distributed amino acid units in their molecules, i.e. when the preparation does not provide for a specific, but for a random sequence of the amino acid units, homopolyamides and block copolyamides derived from amino acids C 08 G 69/00; macromolecular products derived from proteins C 08 H 1/00; preparation of glue or gelatine C 09 H; single cell proteins, enzymes C 12 N; genetic engineering processes for obtaining peptides C 12 N 15/00; compositions for measuring or testing processes involving enzymes C 12 Q; investigation or analysis of biological material G 01 N 33/00) [4]

Notes

(1)	In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:

-	"amino acids" are compounds in which at least one amino group and at least one carboxyl group are bound to the same carbon skeleton and the nitrogen atom of the amino group may form part of a ring;

-	"normal peptide link" is one between an alpha-amino group of an amino acid and the carboxyl group — in position 1 — of another alpha-amino acid;

-	"abnormal peptide link" is a link where at least one of the linked amino acids is not an alpha-amino acid or a link formed by at least one carboxyl or amino group being part of the side chain of an alpha-amino acid;

-	"peptides" are compounds containing at least two amino acid units, which are bound through at least one normal peptide link, including oligopeptides, polypeptides and proteins, where

(i)	"linear peptides" may comprise rings formed through S—S bridges, or through an hydroxy or a mercapto group of an hydroxy- or a mercapto-amino acid and the carboxyl group of another amino acid (e.g. peptide lactones) but do not comprise rings which are formed only through peptide links;

(ii)

"cyclic peptides" are peptides comprising at least one ring formed only through peptide links; the cyclisation may occur only through normal peptide links or through abnormal peptide links, e.g. through the 4-amino group of 2,4-diamino-butanoic acid. Thus, cyclic compounds in which at least one link in the ring is a non-peptide link are considered as "linear peptides";

(iii)

"depsipeptides" are compounds containing a sequence of at least two alpha-amino acids and at least one alpha-hydroxy carboxylic acid, which are bound through at least one normal peptide link and ester links, derived from the hydroxy carboxylic acids, where

(a)

"linear depsipeptides" may comprise rings formed through S—S bridges, or through an hydroxy or a mercapto group of an hydroxy-, or mercapto-amino acid and the carboxyl group of another amino- or hydroxy-acid but do not comprise rings formed only through peptide or ester links derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. Gly-Ala-Gly-OCH₂CO₂H and Gly-OCH₂CO-Ala-Gly are considered as "linear depsipeptides", but HOCH₂CO-Gly-Ala-Gly does not contain an ester link, and is thus a derivative of Gly-Ala-Gly which is covered by C 07 K 5/08;

(b)	"cyclic depsipeptides" are peptides containing at least one ring formed only through peptide or ester links — derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids —, e.g. Gly-Ala-Gly-OCH₂CO; [4]

(iv)	"hybrid peptides" are peptides produced through fusion or covalent binding of two or more heterologous peptides.

(2)

Fragments of peptides or peptides modified by removal or addition of amino acids, by substitution of amino acids by others, or by combination of these modifications are classified as the parent peptides. However, fragments of peptides having only four or less amino acids are also classified in group C 07 K 5/00. [6]

(3)

Peptides prepared by chemical processes and having an amino acid sequence derived from naturally occurring peptides are classified with the natural one. [6]

(4)

Peptides prepared by recombinant DNA technology are not classified according to the host, but according to the original peptide expressed, e.g. HIV peptide expressed in E. coli is classified with HIV peptides. [6]

(5)

In this subclass, it is desirable to add the indexing codes of groups C 07 K 101:00 to C 07 K 123:00. The indexing codes should be unlinked. [6]

(6)

In this subclass, it is desirable to add the indexing codes of subclass C 07 M. The indexing codes should be unlinked. [6]

General processes for the preparation of peptides [4]

in solution [4]

on carriers [4]

using protecting groups or activating agents [4]

using activating agents [4]

using coupling agents [4]

by chemical modification of precursor peptides [6]

without change of the primary structure [6]

by hydrolysis [4]

Labelling of peptides [6]

Extraction; Separation; Purification [4,6]

by chromatography [6]

Ion-exchange chromatography [6]

Partition-, reverse-phase or hydrophobic interaction chromatography [6]

Affinity chromatography or related techniques based upon selective absorption processes [6]

by electrochemical means [6]

Electrophoresis [6]

Isoelectric focusing [6]

by precipitation [6]

as complexes [6]

by filtration, ultrafiltration or reverse osmosis [6]

by a combination of two or more processes of different types [6]

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